Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin believes that if decentralized networks become more robust and private, they can support national efforts to reduce reliance on cash.

In a May 25 post on X, Buterin commented on recent developments in Sweden and Norway, where authorities are rethinking their near-total shift toward digital payments.

Both countries have led the global trend in phasing out physical cash, but emerging security concerns are forcing a change in approach.

According to reports, the governments are urging citizens to keep using cash as a form of national preparedness. The recommendation follows growing worries about cyber warfare and the potential expansion of the Russia-Ukraine conflict.

Officials argue that in the event of network failures or hostile attacks, cash remains the most accessible and resilient payment method.

The shift highlights a broader tension between innovation and stability in national financial systems. While digital payments offer speed and convenience, recent events suthey’rehey’re not yet a complete substitute for physical money in high-risk scenarios.

Ethereum offers promise

In Buterin’s view, the centralized digital systems were too fragile to withstand geopolitical shocks, which invariably made cash “necessary.”

According to him:

“Nordics are walking back the cashless society initiative because their centralized implementation of the concept is too fragile. Cash turns out necessary as a backup.”

Buterin sees these concerns as an opening for Ethereum to step in, but only if the network evolves.

He suggested Ethereum could offer a more durable alternative if it could operate securely, privately, and independently of single points of failure.

Buterin said:

“Ethereum needs to be resilient enough, and private enough, to be able to credibly play this kind of role.”

He stressed that Ethereum would need to improve significantly before supporting such critical infrastructure. That includes enhancing privacy protections and increasing its system resilience by decentralizing more.

Already, the network is making significant changes by introducing new features that improve its functionality. However, Ethereum still faces technical barriers, such as scalability issues and transaction costs, which might impede its adoption in such emergencies.

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